1st January is celebrated as New Year all over India. But the official Government of India calendar, the Saka Calendar, has its New Year in Chaitra month. It falls on March 21st or 22nd. Hence, the concept of New Year varies in the different provinces of our country.
Odia New Year:- Vishuva Sankranti is the traditional Odia New Year. It generally falls on April 14 each year. It is observed to celebrate the advent of Spring and the New Year.
Assamese New Year:- Bohag Bihu is the national festival of Assamese. It marks the beginning of the New Year. Bohag Bihu reflects the coming of spring and usually falls on April 14 or 15 every year. It is celebrated with distinctive Bihu dances. This festival lasts for several days.
Telugu and Kannada New Year:- Ugadi marks the advent of the Telugu & Kannada New Year. Yuga means era, aadi means start. Uugadi means, the start of an era and it marks the first day of the New Year.. The people of Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh use the term Uugadi for this festival. It falls on a different day every year in the month of March or April.
Bihari New Year:- The traditional New Year of the people of Bihar falls on Phagu Purnima, which is another name for Holi. Phagu means the sacred red powder and Purnima is the full moon day, on which the festival ends. In Bihar, Holi is also known as Phagwa as it is celebrated in the later part of the month of Phalgun and the early part of Chaitra in the Hindu calendar. This corresponds to the English months of March-April.
Malayalam New Year:- Vishu festival or Malayalam New Year falls on the 1st of Malayalam month of Medam (March-April). A number of rituals and customs are associated with the festival. It’s not a pompous festival but more of a homely affair. People of Kerela like to spend it with their family members. Vishukani or Kani Kanal is the most popular tradition followed by people of Kerela.
Punjabi New Year:- Baisakhi Festival, also called Vaisakhi, holds great importance for the Sikh community and farmers of Punjab. Baisakhi falls on April 13 or 14, the first day of the year according to the Nanakshahi Calender. Sikhs also celebrate this day in honour of their 10th guru, Guru Gobind Singh. Baisakhi commemorates the day when the Sikh Guru eliminated caste differences and founded Khalsa Panth in 1689. Traditional songs and dances boost the spirit of the Baisakhi festival. For the large farming community of Punjab and Haryana, Baisakhi marks the harvest time.
Tamil New Year:- The month of Chittrai (April - May) embarks the time of festivities in Tamil Nadu. Tamil’s New Year Day “Puthandu” is celebrated on April 13 or 14 every year. People greet each other “Puthandu Vazthukal” which means Happy New Year.
Bengali New Year:- Bengali New Year usually falls in mid April on 14th or 15th. It is the month of Baisakh, the first month of Bengali New Year. People wish each other saying “Shubo Nabo Barsho”.
Marathi New Year:- Gudi Padwa is the Maharastrian New Year. This day is celebrated on Shuddha Pratipada, the 1st day in the Hindu month of Chaitra (March-April). Festivities of Gudi Padwa last for three and a half days. The word ‘padwa’ means the end of one harvesting season and beginning of another.
Sikkimese New Year:- Losoong is the New Year for the people of Sikkim. It generally, falls in the month of December and marks the end of harvesting season. The highlights of the festival are Chaam dances and archery contests. It falls on the 18th day of the 10th month of the Tibetan lunar calendar and dots the agricultural New Year when rice and grains are in plenty.
Gujarati New Year:- Gujarati New Year is celebrated among all the major festivities in the month of October. It is celebrated on the next day of Diwali. Gujarati New Year is synonymous with sudekam of the Kartik month – it is the 1st day of first month of Gujarati calender. Bestu Varas is New Year in Gujarati and Varsha-pratipada or Padwa are other names of the same. Traditional customs and rituals are performed to welcome the New Year and bid farewell to the by gone time.
Marwari New Year:- Marwaris of Rajasthan consider Diwali as their New Year. They believe Diwali to be an auspicious day to venture into new projects and thus celebrate it as New Year’s day. It usually falls in the month of October or November. The Marwari New Year is celebrated with great charm and exuberance in almost all parts of Rajasthan.